Process-specific mechanisms of vertically oriented graphene growth in plasmas

• Subrata Ghosh,
• Shyamal R. Polaki,
• Niranjan Kumar,
• Sankarakumar Amirthapandian,
• Mohamed Kamruddin and
• Kostya (Ken) Ostrikov

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2017, 8, 1658–1670, doi:10.3762/bjnano.8.166

• , catalysis and energy storage. Keywords: activation energy; plasmas; residual stress; vertical graphene nanosheets; wettability; Introduction Vertical graphene nanosheets (VGNs) consist of interconnected 3D porous networks of vertically oriented graphitic sheets, which are aligned perpendicularly to the

• plasma source to substrate on the morphology and structure of vertical graphene nanosheets (VGNs). Systematic microscopic and spectroscopic investigations, wetting and electrical studies ensure that the structure of the self-organized VGNs affects their physical properties. The factors contributing

• the substrate temperature. Transmission electron micrograph of (a,b) the nanographitic layer and (c,d) vertical graphene nanosheets (VGNs). Panel (b) shows the thickness of the nanographitic layer and panel (d) shows that the top edges of VGNs consist of only five graphene layers. (a) Raman spectra of